Status: published
The increasing incidence of vehicle theft has highlighted the limitations of traditional vehicle security mechanisms such as mechanical locks, single-key systems, and basic electronic access control. Many existing systems rely on a single rigid authentication technique, which often compromises either security or user convenience. To address these issues, this paper presents a Smart Vehicle Protection System using Multiple Authentication Techniques, designed to provide flexible yet secure vehicle access.
The proposed system integrates fingerprint-based biometric authentication, RFID-based authentication, and PIN-based keypad authentication using an ESP32 microcontroller as the central control unit. Unlike conventional multi-step authentication systems, the proposed design allows authorized access to the vehicle using any one valid authentication method, thereby improving usability while maintaining security. Each authentication module operates independently, and successful verification from any single module enables vehicle unlocking through an electronic locking mechanism.
The system is implemented using low-cost, readily available hardware components, making it suitable for both modern and legacy vehicles. Experimental testing demonstrates that the system reliably authenticates authorized users while preventing unauthorized access attempts. Additionally, the use of the ESP32 enables future expansion toward IoT-based features such as remote monitoring, alert notifications, and access logging. The proposed solution offers a balanced approach between security, convenience, and cost-effectiveness, making it a practical enhancement over traditional vehicle security systems.
Keywords: Vehicle Security, Smart Vehicle Protection System, Multifactor Authentication, Fingerprint Authentication, RFID Authentication, PIN-Based Keypad, ESP32 Microcontroller, Electronic Locking Mechanism, IoT-Enabled Vehicle Security.